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Sat, 26 May 2007

Irish Elections 2007: Now What?

Well, the people have spoken, now the airwaves are full of puzzled politicans and pundits trying to decide what they said.

The outcome was a suprise, especially in Galway West (where I live), for which I'm annoyed; as I said before, a poll would have been useful. Niall O'Brolcháin, said in the last poll in March to be likely to take a seat, came fairly off the mark, unfortunately.

Quick summary: The Irish Parliament (the Dáil) has 166 seats, so the majority is 83 (I seat goes to the Chair or Ceann Comhairle). In recent years, majorities of one or two seats are normal, so we all wait for the final seats to be decided before really knowing the outcome: The Bookmakers paid out for Bertie Ahern being the next Taoiseach by 9.30 AM yesterday, though technically the numbers could still add up for the alternative, Enda Kenny. We might not know until next week.



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So what are the government options? We could have (1) FF and PDs + independents, (2) FG, Labour, Greens and Independents, (3) FF and Greens or (4) FF and labour. Other options are too wierd to think about. Only the first two were really offered before the voters, and even then, the numbers and stability of the potential government looked different last Wednesday. (4) is probably out, as FF would have to give Labour too many cabinet posts: they'd prefer the Greens if possible.

On a parochial level, its interesting to think of what it means for Galway. If the PDs are back in government, they'll have only 2 TDs instead of 8, but both would be able to bargain themselves into Ministries. We could actually have 3 ministers in the Galway West constituency.

One of the most contentious issues in Galway has been the outer by-pass, another bridge over the Corrib. The PDs have been strongly for it, the Greens against. Indeed, it probably cost Niall O'Brolcháin the seat. If Noel Grealish ( a PD who has been otherwise invisible in the Dáil for the last 5 years) is in government, he would probably make it a condition that it be built (despite needing to run through a SAC). Hence the choice of government pretty much decides the fate of Galways shape for the future: Cars and the bypass, or public transport and a Green belt in Bushypark.

Bertie might prefer (1), but it depends on numbers and the Independents demands. He's talking a lot about 'stability' at the moment, which sounds like heavy overtures to the Greens, as (1) might be unstable. Should the Greens choose power with FF (which I would recommend now, despite viewing that as supping with the Devil a few years ago), it would allay the one big disadvantage the Greens have had in that people in Ireland are unsure what they would be like in power. A stint in Government could allay that fear, if handled right. They need to think very carefully of what circumstances might happen over the next five years, and what they might have to tolerate.

Perhaps the first hurdle is the Mahon tribunal. There is an upcoming 'module' investigating Bertie Aherns finances and affairs, a lot of which have been leaked recently. The Mahon tribunal postponed this investigation for the Election, deeming investigating the Taoiseachs affairs as being too sensitive (Others of us would think it more appropriate to know about the details before the election deciding his fate). If the Greens enter power with a mandate and demand to clean up corruption, just as the Prime Minister of the government they join is explaining his personal finances before a tribunal, life could be very interesting.

Just to note: the following are the final results:

Fianna Fáil: 78 seats
Fine Gael: 51
Labour: 20
Greens: 6
Sinn Féin: 4
Progressive Democrats: 2
Independents: 5
Out of interest, are the raw tallies available for people to see what other voting methods might have resulted in? The voting system you described in your prior post sounds a lot like IRV which has been widely criticized, so I'm curious whether anyone has applied Concordet or something to the votes to see what winner it would have given.
Good question. I know the political parties do try to get as accurate a snapshot as possible, and that "Nealon's Guide" is a series of books
to the Irish elections giving as complete as possible numbers, but I don't know if there is enough data there to do a full comparison with Condorcet.

STV is like IRV with multi-member constituencies. While criticized on a theoretical level, it seems very popular in Ireland at least. One of the main reasons is that it ends up with a very high percentage of the electorate (70%+) getting their number 1 choice as representative.
Interesting. The reason I even thought of it is that your prior blog about the possibility of "too many" people putting the more popular candidate second, thereby causing him to lose entirely, sounds like a textbook example of the "theoretical" problems people have with IRV. I actually pointed out your blog to a colleague that I've been discussing election methods with, to say "hey, look, those theoretical problems do show up in practice!"

The question of what voting method is best for multi-member constituencies is one I hadn't given much thought to and at first blush is a lot harder than picking a single winner. I usually advocate Approval for that case, but it seems like Approval would work really badly for picking multiple winners. Something I'll need to do some research on, methinks :)
Yes, I suspect the "multi-member" part is more important than most voting system comparisons think; I've seen theoretical comparisons of voting methods, but none considering multi-member constituencies.

The 'popular candidate fails to get first preferences' problem is normally  mitigated in real life with polls, and doesn't show up too often, I think. (Its strange that this was predicted to be one of the most open elections in Galway West in years, but no-one polled to see the outcome.)
The opposite can also happen: one FF candidate in Galway West (Frank Fahey) was felt/rumoured to be being pushed out by his party colleagues; so he was said (during the campaign) to be spreading rumours that he would lose first preferences, so hopefully getting  more people to give him first preferences.
(This is because in STV parties 'vote-manage' to arrange eg. canvassing by candidates in certain areas only, to ensure the candidates each get enough first preferences to maximize the parties take of seats).

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